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1 - دانشجویان عزیز لطفا جملات زیر را به فارسی سلیس ترجمه نمایید .
2 - پاسخگویی به سوالات بصورت ترتیبی بوده و امکان بازگشت یا ویرایش سوال قبلی وجود ندارد .
3 - مدت زمان پاسخگویی 40 دقیقه می باشد . 

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زمان تکمیل این آزمون 40 دقیقه میباشد

پس از پاسخ به هر سوال، امکان بازگشت و ویرایش پاسخ وجود ندارد



تایید و ادامه
نام و نام خانوادگی خود را وارد نمایید *



تایید

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تایید

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تایید

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تایید

 Management is all Pervasive: Management is required in all types of organizations whether it is political, social, cultural or business because it helps and directs various efforts towards a definite purpose. Thus clubs, hospitals, political parties, colleges, hospitals, business firms all require management. Whenever more than one person is engaged in working for a common goal, management is necessary. (4 نمره)



تایید

Management is a purposive activity. It is something that directs group efforts towards the attainment of certain pre – determined goals. It is the process of working with and through others to effectively achieve the goals of the organization, by efficiently using limited resources in the changing world. Of course, these goals may vary from one enterprise to another, e.g.: For one enterprise it may be launching of new products by conducting market surveys and for other it may be profit maximization by minimizing cost. (4 نمره)



تایید

Planning means looking ahead and chalking out future courses of action to be followed taking into consideration available & prospective human and physical resources. It is a systematic activity which determines when, how and who is going to perform a specific job. It is rightly said ―Well plan is half done‖. According to Koontz & O‘Donnell, ―Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap between where we are to, where we want to go. It makes possible things to occur which would not otherwise occur‖. (4 نمره)



تایید

Controlling is measuring and correcting individual or organizational performance to ensure that event confirm to plans. It involves measuring performance against set goals and plans showing where deviations from the standards exist and helping to correct those deviations. The control process is cyclical which means it is never ending. Employees often view controlling negatively No matter how positive the changes may be for the organization, (4 نمره)



تایید

Co-ordination tries to achieve harmony between individual‘s efforts towards achievement of group goals and is a key to success of management. Management seeks to achieve co-ordination through its basic functions of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Co-ordination is achieved through planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Co-ordination is life-line of management. It is required in each and every function and at each and every stage and therefore it cannot be separated. (4 نمره)



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