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3 - مدت زمان پاسخگویی 40 دقیقه می باشد . 

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زمان تکمیل این آزمون 40 دقیقه میباشد

پس از پاسخ به هر سوال، امکان بازگشت و ویرایش پاسخ وجود ندارد



تایید و ادامه
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تایید

Planning means looking ahead and chalking out future courses of action to be followed taking into consideration available & prospective human and physical resources. It is a systematic activity which determines when, how and who is going to perform a specific job. It is rightly said ―Well plan is half done‖. According to Koontz & O‘Donnell, ―Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap between where we are to, where we want to go. It makes possible things to occur which would not otherwise occur‖. (4 نمره)



تایید

Controlling is measuring and correcting individual or organizational performance to ensure that event confirm to plans. It involves measuring performance against set goals and plans showing where deviations from the standards exist and helping to correct those deviations. The control process is cyclical which means it is never ending. Employees often view controlling negatively No matter how positive the changes may be for the organization, (4 نمره)



تایید

1. It helps in Achieving Group Goals – Management converts disorganized resources of men, machines, money etc. into useful enterprise. It arranges, assembles, organizes and integrates the factors of production. These resources are coordinated, directed and controlled in such a manner that enterprise work towards attainment of goals. (4 نمره)



تایید

A manager performs organizing function with the help of following steps:- 1. Identification of activities - All the activities which have to be performed in a concern have to be identified, grouped and classified into units. 2. Departmentally organizing the activities - dividing the whole concern into independent units and departments is called departmentation. 3. Classifying the authority - Authorities bringing smoothness in a concern‘s working. (4 نمره)



تایید

Management is a purposive activity. It is something that directs group efforts towards the attainment of certain pre – determined goals. It is the process of working with and through others to effectively achieve the goals of the organization, by efficiently using limited resources in the changing world. Of course, these goals may vary from one enterprise to another, e.g.: For one enterprise it may be launching of new products by conducting market surveys and for other it may be profit maximization by minimizing cost. (4 نمره)



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